Binary formation is a research area in astrophysics that focuses on the formation of binary star systems, where two stars are in orbit around each other. Binary systems are common in the universe and understanding how they form can provide insights into the processes of star formation and evolution. Researchers study the various mechanisms by which binary systems can be formed, such as through gravitational interactions in star clusters, fragmentation of molecular clouds, or tidal interactions in close encounters between stars. They also explore the properties of binary systems, including their orbital parameters, mass ratios, and separation distances, to better understand their formation and evolution. Overall, the study of binary formation is crucial for advancing our understanding of stellar dynamics and the formation of complex star systems in the universe.